Modernization Index

Research

The country scores are one output of a larger research program. These pages examine global patterns, test whether historical change can be anticipated, compare how political orders rebuild, and explain how the pieces fit together. Failed tests are included because they narrow the claims the project can responsibly make.

global analysisexploratory · uses historical proxies

State of the world

A global view of three improvement measures, the institutional setting around them, and recent changes in each.

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forecast testregistered test · did not repeat

Are golden ages predictable?

A prediction recorded in advance that did not repeat in the reserved test data, followed by a review of the weaker pattern that remained.

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separate studyseparate study · not part of the score

How orders rebuild after they fragment

A 30-case study comparing four ways political systems have reunited after fragmentation.

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synthesissynthesis

How the pieces fit together

How the score, safeguards, historical tests, and open questions form one research program.

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Looking for how the score itself is built, or how far it can be trusted?